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United States Ambassador to Cuba
The United States Ambassador to the Republic of Cuba is the official representative of the President of the United States to the head of state of Cuba, and serves as the head of the Embassy of the United States in Havana. Direct bilateral diplomatic relations did not exist between the two countries from the 1960s to the 2010s. President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution on January 3, 1961.〔(United States severs diplomatic relations with Cuba ) History.〕 Relations were subsequently restored by Cuban President Raul Castro and President Barack Obama on July 20, 2015.
With the restoration of relations in 2015, the president may nominate an ambassador, though the position has remained vacant since 1961. The embassy is currently run by a Chargé d'affaires ''ad interim'', Jeffrey DeLaurentis. The Chargé d'affaires and the embassy staff at large work at the American Embassy on the Malecón across from the Plaza de la Revolución in Havana.
==History==
Cuba was the last major Spanish colony to gain independence, following a lengthy struggle that began in 1868. José Martí, Cuba's national hero, helped initiate the final push for independence in 1895. In 1898, the United States fought a brief war known as the Spanish–American War, after the USS ''Maine'' sank in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898 due to an explosion of undetermined origin. In December 1898, Spain relinquished control of Cuba to the United States with the Treaty of Paris. On May 20, 1902, the United States granted Cuba its independence but retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability in accordance with the Platt Amendment.
In 1902 the U.S. established an embassy in Havana and appointed its first ambassador, Herbert G. Squiers. In 1934, the Platt Amendment was repealed. The United States and Cuba concluded a Treaty of Relations in 1934 which, among other things, continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base to the United States. In 1959 Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement overthrew the government of Fulgencio Batista and Batista fled the country on January 1, 1959. Relations between the United States and Cuba deteriorated rapidly as the Cuban government expropriated U.S. properties and developed closening ties with the Soviet Union. In October 1960, the U.S. recalled its ambassador to protest Castro's policies. On January 3, 1961 the U.S. withdrew diplomatic recognition of the Cuban government and closed the embassy in Havana. On September 1, 1977 the U.S. established the United States Interests Section in Havana, located in its former embassy and operated under the auspices of the Embassy of Switzerland in Havana. The Interests Section was headed by Chief of Mission rather than an ambassador. Bilateral relations between the two governments resumed on July 20, 2015.
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